2013年12月16日星期一

不看好未來三年內的金價但看好七八年後的 __張庭賓






熱錢流入對中國經濟產生重大影響,近來人民幣兌美元匯率持續降低,被市場解讀為監管層為熱錢流出中國“設坎”,那麼熱錢流出將為老百姓的生活帶來怎樣的變化?黃金的價格又將出現怎樣的走勢?未來老百姓的資產又該如何配置?針對以上問題,北京商報記者對《美元復興十年,中國痛苦十年》的作者張庭賓進行了專訪。

北京商報:人民幣兌美元匯率從今年5月的6.35降到目前的6.08,對於這種變化市場有種猜測就是央行在維持熱錢,這些猜測是否正確?

張庭賓:目前中國對海外流入的流動性高度依賴。現在已經很難有增量的流動性了,人民幣升一點,不至於快速大量的流出;此外,之前我們判斷在全球各種貨幣兌美元的貶值當中,人民幣將會是最後一個,過去兩三年,在逐步驗證我的看法。

北京商報:在資產配置方面,除了美元以外,還有其他貨幣有升值價值嗎?中國是否會有像在200​​8年金融危機,法國銀行停止營業的情況發生?如果有類似情況發生,是否把資金儲存在花旗銀行或者其他外資銀行比國內民營銀行更安全?

張庭賓:前段時間存款保險制度要出台了,這個政策其實是有內涵的,如果存在銀行的錢數量比較少,銀行倒閉了,就會賠償。存款制度出台後,中國有可能走向這一步,就是為銀行破產做準備。

北京商報:高盛製造了“金磚四國”的概念,它之所以提出這個概念,是不是為美國轉移通脹做鋪墊,此外,黃金跌破1000美元,還有增值的意義嗎?

張庭賓:當時情況是美聯儲在降息,包括量化寬鬆,美元外流,流向金磚國家也是事實,所以目前,中國沒有更多的資源參與國際大循環了,中國就只能走向獨立自強的模式。

此外,我不看好未來三年之內的金價,但是我看好七八年以後的黃金價格。這個也有不確定性,面對不確定性,不值得買大量的黃金放在那,但是可以作為資產配置當中的一部分。

北京商報:現在美元升值,好像是央行有意留住熱錢,但是這個可能有臨界點,臨界點是什麼時候?

張庭賓:美元熱錢流入的時候,國內水就多了,水漲船高,船就是物價,比如說進1億美元,貿易順差也就來了,央行要兌7億元人民幣給到國內的企業進行國內流通;反之,流走1億美元,央行就要從國內收走7億元人民幣,國內就沒錢了。

北京商報:您怎麼看房地產泡沫的問題?房價還會不會往上走?

張庭賓:2015年,年底之前,中國房地產泡沫破滅,我認為中國房地產的泡沫已經快到臨界點了。

“鬼城”的現象意味著中國的二三線房地產的泡沫已經開始破裂了。為什麼二三線先破裂,因為那個市場比較窄,沒有深度,當地人不買的話,就不行了。鬼城反映出二三線房地產泡沫已經開始破裂。現在一線城市,尤其是北京、上海、廣東、深圳這幾個城市房地產價格還在挺,因為是全國的人都在買,抬轎的人比較多,但是也接近臨界點了。

北京商報記者 肖海燕

Largest Swiss Refinery on Inability to Source Gold: “This Has Never Happened Before”

We met with the managing director of the largest refinery in Switzerland and spend about two hours talking to him, we learned some very interesting things.
At this Swiss refinery there have been several times this year on which they were unable to source gold. They’re bringing in good delivery bars, scrap and dore from the mines, basically all they can get their hands on. This gentleman has been in the business for 37 years, he was there during the last bull market in the late seventies. I asked him when was the last time this has happened, that he was unable to source gold, he said never. And I clarified it, I asked: in the last 37 years you’ve worked in the gold industry this has never happened? He said: this has never happened.

He said sometimes when they get gold in, it’s coming from the back corners of the vaults. He knew this because these were good delivery bars marked in the sixties. This is a huge supply squeeze and its worse than anything that has happened in the last four decades. At some point there is going to be a massive squeeze on the price.
We are on the threshold of a situation that has never occurred before. A squeeze is imminent, it could take 3 months or 6 months, but all I know is that it’s coming, and I know that with 100 % certainty. 




Submitted by Koos Jansen, In Gold We Trust:
Wednesday I had the privilege again to interview Alex Stanczyk, Chief Market Strategist for the Anglo Far- East group of companies, who just returned from a trip to Switzerland. Alex confirmed to me the distribution of gold from west to east is not slowing down whatsoever. Refineries in Switzerland are still working 24 hour a day to cast bars for China, sometimes having difficulties sourcing the gold..

What was the purpose of your trip to Switzerland?

The purpose was two fold. We go to Switzerland once a year as part of our governance, we’re required to have an annual inspection of the gold, that was the main purpose of the trip. But in addition to that we also liked to talk to the refineries. It was myself, it was the managing director of Anglo Far-East mister Philip Judge, and Jim Rickards went with us, he sits on our advisory board.

We met with the managing director of the largest refinery in Switzerland and spend about two hours talking to him, we learned some very interesting things. Whats going on in the gold market as far as the price, is I think very counter intuitive. Everybody understands, knows and believes the price should be higher than it is, but it isn’t. There’s confusion in the marketplace, and there are two reactions; the reaction in the west is fear, confusion and uncertainty; the reaction in the east is buying. Now, this gentleman we were talking to probably has a better idea of physical gold flow than anybody else globally. He sees what is coming from the mines, he sees what is coming from the UK, and all over the world, as well as where its going. He indicated the price didn’t make sense because he has got so much fabrication demand. They put on three shifts, they’re working 24 hours a day, and originally he thought that would wind down at some point. Well, they’ve been doing it all year. Every time he thinks its going to slow down, he gets more orders, more orders, more orders. They have expanded the plant to where it almost doubles their capacity. 70 % of their kilobar fabrication is going to China, at apace of 10 tons a week. That’s from one refinery, now remember there are 4 of these big ones [refineries] in Switzerland. 
That makes sense because withdraws from the Shanghai Gold Exchange vaults are 40 tons a week on average this year.

Well, there you go.

…At this Swiss refinery there have been several times this year on which they were unable to source gold, this shocked me. They’re bringing in good delivery bars, scrap and dore from the mines, basically all they can get their hands on. This gentleman has been in the business for 37 years, he was there during the last bull market in the late seventies. I asked him when was the last time this has happened, that he was unable to source gold, he said never. And I clarified it, I asked: let me make sure if I understand what you’re saying to me, in the last 37 years you’ve worked in the gold industry this has never happened? He said: this has never happened.

…There was one other comment that was fascinating, he said sometimes when they get gold in, it’s coming from the back corners of the vaults. He knew this because these were good delivery bars marked in the sixties. This is a huge supply squeeze and its worse than anything that has happened in the last four decades. At some point there is going to be a massive squeeze on the price.

…All four Swiss refineries combined may be doing as much as  [supply China] 2000 tons this year. That doesn’t include what the Perth Mint ships to China, it doesn’t include the 400 tons the Chinese mined domestically, and it doesn’t include what they mined offshore with the mining companies they own all over the world. I suspect that total Chinese demand can reach as much as total global mining production this year.
…He also noted, in China there are 6 LBMA refineries but he has never seen a Chinese gold bar, they’re keeping it all. Gold that goes into China is like going into a black-hole. I don’t think it will be available on the market for decades to come, which only tightens the physical supply.

…The Chinese aren’t buying it for trading, they’re buying it as part of their wealth foundation for future generations. When the communists came to power in 1949, Chiang Kai-shek and the nationalist army fled the country and took all the gold with them. On that moment China had no gold, although they had thousands of years of history with gold, they had to start all over. I think the importance of rebuilding their gold reserves had been there in the last decades, but it accelerated the last three years or so, encouraging their people heavily to buy.
I also heard there is strong kilobar demand from the Middel East.

That’s because Dubai does a lot of clearing for that entire area. Given what’s happening to Saudi Arabia, and the potential that Saudi Arabia is separating itself from the United States, essentially the whole petro-dollar is at risk for them. Normally what they would do is sell their oil for dollars and then buy US treasuries, but if they’re gonna separate from the US they’re not gonna buy US treasuries. So what are they gonna buy?

Gold?

Yes, possibly. That’s what we think. We don’t think they will be buying US treasuries, they supported them for 40 years, but the US has basically stabbed them in the back.
Alasdair Macleod actually said, on the Keiser Report, that a lot of 400 ounce bars from the Middle East are being refined in Switzerland into 1 K 4 nine bars [a gold bar of 1 kilogram, 99.99 % purity] and then sent back. Is the 1 K 4 nine bar becoming some new form of liquidity?

Possibly, all the demand that we can see in China is for 1 K bars. They want kilo, and they want four nines.

When do think the price is going to rise?

I’m not comfortable to put a time on this. What I do know is that we are on the threshold of a situation that has never occurred before. A squeeze is imminent, it could take 3 months or 6 months, but all I know is that it’s coming, and I know that with 100 % certainty.   

Silver – A Rigged Market Coming To An End

The Western central bankers have been leasing, hypothecating and re-hypothecating gold with impunity.  Then, in the 1990s, China wanted its gold back from the United States. “Sorry, Chinks!” was the arrogant response from the US.  It was gone, “leased” out to keep a controlled lid on the world’s price of gold.  Central bankers were running a scam, one of the largest Ponzi schemes, ever.
Huge mistake.
It is now payback time for the Chinese.  Now aligned with Russia, Brazil, India, and South Africa, the BRICS nations have formed a trading alliance outside of the US petro-dollar.  The world’s reserve currency has not only been challenged, it has fast become irrelevant, except in West and EU, and even in the EU, that is changing.
The golden genie was let out of the bottle over a decade ago, and all the central bankers cannot put it back.  Every attempt has been made to keep a lid on the price of silver and gold by central bankers desperate to hang onto their waning power.
The elites have kept pressure on PMs to keep their last gasp efforts of control alive.  The current price of silver has nothing to do with supply and demand, nothing.  It is all about central banks being used by the elites to prevent silver and gold from exposing the fraud.
Once the lid is taken off the precious metals markets, they will leave Bitcoin in the dust.
[Read more...]

黃金斬首行動 之三 倫敦金:高貴的出身,私密的做派 宋鴻兵





19世紀初,英國在世界上最早建立起金本位制度,1盎司黃金被法律確定為3英鎊17先令10.5便士。簡單地說,就是英格蘭銀行承諾在3英鎊17先令9便士的價位上隨時收購一切黃金,並且以法定​​價格3英鎊17先令10.5便士向市場無限量出售黃金。英格蘭銀行就是當時世界黃金市場上的最大做市商,它的主要職責就是捍衛黃金價格,確保金本位制度安全無虞。


當然,英格蘭銀行並非親自赤膊上陣,在市場中叫買叫賣,而是依賴倫敦五大金商來做批發業務,金商們再依靠自己強大的渠道進行零售。其實,金融的本質也是渠道為王,只不過渠道中流通的是金融產品。


倫敦的五大金商幾乎都是兩三百年的老字號,最赫赫有名的自然是羅斯柴爾德家族,他們不僅控制著歐洲各國的公債市場,而且也是世界黃金市場的霸主,在19世紀號稱是“歐洲第六大強權”。除羅家之外,莫卡塔家族(Mocatta)堪稱老二,在倫敦經營黃金業務已歷9代,甚至比羅家的資格還要老。其它三家包括早在1750年就開始金銀檢驗的莊信万豐公司(Johnson Matthey),夏普斯·皮克斯利公司(Sharps,Pixley),和塞繆爾·蒙塔古公司(Samuel Montagu)。


19世紀以來,英國挾其工業革命發源地的先發優勢,以海軍霸權為後盾,以金融實力為槓桿,建立起一個橫跨歐、美、亞、非和大洋洲的殖民帝國,壟斷著全球原材料與能源的供應,控制著世界市場的劃分,掌握著遠洋貿易的通道,左右著國際資本的流向。全世界的黃金從南非、加拿大、美國、俄國、巴西、澳大利亞等地的金礦向倫敦匯集,英格蘭銀行以黃金儲備為基礎創造出通行世界的英鎊,然後英鎊資本與工業製品從英國流向世界市場的各個角落,最終,巨額的利潤裹挾著更多的黃金回流倫敦,完成國際資本的大循環。


經典的金本位貨幣制度為英國的繁榮和霸權奠定了堅實的基礎,直至後起之秀的德國開始挑戰這一英國治下的造富機制。


第一次世界大戰的爆發,打破了以倫敦為中心的世界黃金循環體系,參戰各國不得不暫時停止紙幣與黃金的兌換。在戰時狀態下,南非等英屬殖民地的黃金產出直接被劃入了英格蘭銀行的金庫,成為英國的戰時黃金儲備。


一戰結束後,英國雖然在軍事上戰勝了德國,但經濟上卻遭到了重創。而美國人則坐山觀虎鬥,由於歐洲的黃金大量流入美國避險,導緻美國工業與金融的實力大增。此時,美元的實力已經顯著超過了英鎊。


戰爭雖然結束了,但在戰爭中不得不大量印鈔的英國,雖然沒有出現惡性通脹,但卻欠下了巨額的美元債務,從戰前美國的債權國淪為戰後美國的債務國。倫敦國際金融中心的地位被紐約搶了過去,英鎊世界貨幣的霸氣已被美元壓倒。英國金融元氣的大傷,導致了英鎊遲遲不能恢復金本位,英國苦心經營上百年的國際貿易和世界分工的秩序陷入了嚴重混亂。


英鎊的弱勢被世人看得清清楚楚,美元的強大各國心裡更是明明白白。 1913年戰前的四大經濟強國,美、英、德、法共有黃金儲備50億美元,其中美國最多為20億,英國8億,德國10億,法國12億。而戰後,在四大強國60億美元的黃金儲備總額中,美國已坐擁45億美元,超過英國5倍以上,佔有絕對優勢。但大英帝國顯然無法及時調整霸主的心態,英格蘭銀行堅持只用英鎊定價黃金,而英鎊對美元卻在明顯貶值。



這樣一來,南非等產金國就不干了。英格蘭銀行收兌他們的黃金是按照戰時狀態的固定價格,而金價明明在上漲,如果繼續按固定價格顯然就虧大了。當然英國是宗主國,南非不願背主投向紐約,但他們卻急需在倫敦找到一個能真正反應黃金市場價格的出路。


很顯然,在倫敦無論是金融實力還是黃金地位,誰能比得上羅斯柴爾德呢?於是,羅家在各產金國和黃金經紀商們的共同擁戴之下,召集起倫敦5大金商家族,於1919年9月12日開始了第一次“倫敦黃金定價”。


這一天,黃金首開市場報價的紀錄,金價定格為:4.18鎊!


從此以後,每個工作日的上午10:30分,倫敦4大金商的代表準時來到羅斯柴爾德家族在倫敦金融城的辦公室,他們在一間密室中分別坐下,加上羅家代表一共5人,其他任何人不得入內。他們每人都有一條專線連通到各自公司的交易室,而這些交易室則連接著世界各地大大小小的黃金經紀商們。羅斯柴爾德的定價密室,正是全世界黃金交易的神經中樞,這間密室將南非的7大金礦、蘇聯的黃金出口商、南美、澳大利亞以及世界主要的黃金供應商,與香港、中東、印度、東京等地的黃金需求商,以及各國投機者們緊密地整合成一張世界黃金的產銷渠道網絡。此刻,全世界都在緊張地等待著當日黃金的定盤價。


在密室中,5人的地位相同,主席自然是羅家的代表。他會首先宣布:“先生們,我們今天從498美元開始”(1968年後,倫敦定價使用美元,定價時參考紐約收盤價),緊接著,5人將初始價格用電話通知各自公司的交易室,交易員們立刻開始在電話中向客戶詢問買賣區間,同時更多的客戶們正在電話線上等待著。很快,各交易室將自己客戶買賣的訂單整理出來,計算軋差,再迅速反饋回羅家密室。幾秒鐘之內,5人根據各自交易室的軋差結果,宣布自己是買家還是賣家,或者對這個價格不感興趣。一般而言,當5人宣布的買賣成交量達到數噸(該數字一直保密),而且買賣雙方總量剛好平衡時,則定價生效。如果買賣的數量不匹配,那麼主席必須再試一個價,大家又忙碌一番,直到在這個價位上,買賣總量平衡為止。


當5人最終確定了滿意的成交價後,倫敦金就算被“敲定”了。這個定盤價立刻通過電話向交易員們宣布,電光石火之間,倫敦金的定價被迅速傳遞到世界的各個角落,巨大的國際黃金市場開始隆隆地轉動起來。


當金價比較穩定時,一次試價就夠了,但金價波動劇烈時,可能必須試二三十次。 1979年10月的一次定價,竟然試了1小時39分鐘!最長的一次發生在1990年3月23日,一家中東銀行要求賣出至少14噸黃金,時間延長到2小時26分,價格在定盤過程中跌了20美元。定盤成交最大的一次,發生在1968年3月,當時美軍在越南失利,英鎊又大幅貶值,投機者蜂擁買入黃金,西方央行組成的黃金平準總庫(Good Pool)被擠兌超過2000噸黃金。為此倫敦黃金市場關閉了整整2週。金市重開後,金價不再以英鎊確定,而是按美元定價。


羅斯柴爾德家族主導倫敦金定價直到2004年,那一年,羅家宣布主動放棄黃金定價權,理由是不咋賺錢。要知道黃金的日交易量高達數千噸,年交易量近百萬噸,交易總金額不下20萬億美元!定價權就是先知權,股票市場的高頻交易商們為早知道行情1毫秒,都能付出數億美元的投資代價,羅家在黃金​​價格上的“先知”時間又豈止1毫秒?這樣巨大的權力,別人爭都沒戲,羅家卻能主動放棄,看來羅家的水深已到匪夷所思的程度。


(待續)



驚人的相似:黃金40年VS比特幣9個月

電子貨幣業內的人都流傳著一句話:“比特黃金,萊特銀”,從下面這張圖看來比特幣和黃金的走勢卻有相似之處:



不難發現,以上兩張圖有著驚人的相似。二者在中間都有一段小漲幅,隨機就下跌。在經歷了很長一段時間內,二者都急劇拉升,漲至現​​在的較高水平。
只是黃金在過去40年走過的路,比特幣只用了9個月就完成了。如今,比特幣已經突破了1000美元,最高時曾超過黃金價格。
而且,比特幣的黃金的供應量也有相似之處,比特幣設計時也是仿照黃金,對總量進行控制,並且產量隨時間逐漸遞減(如下圖):


但是,有人不禁要問,一盎司金燦燦的黃金難道真的還不如一串虛擬代碼值錢嗎?這個,就交給時間去判斷吧。